天冷易冻膝 快学几招护关节******
冷空气突袭，北京“一键入冬”，万物进入闭藏阶段。注重养生的朋友们，想必已经摩拳擦掌地筹备冬季养生方案了。除了进补，冬季适当的锻炼对人体是大为有益的。不过，这个时候我们一定要格外注意膝关节的保护，因为它比其他季节都更加脆弱容易受伤。今天，中医正骨科的医生就来跟大家分享几个冬季护膝的小妙招儿。
动作放轻缓 锻炼前要热身
冬季来医院就诊的患者膝关节不适的比例大幅增加。
冬季人体为了保存能量，阳气内敛，气血内收，关节部分的血液循环远较其他季节更低一些。这种情况下，关节部分的韧带、肌肉弹性远不如平时，无论是久坐起身、日常行走还是锻炼，都容易出现韧带肌肉的拉伤。
所以，在改变体位和动作的时候，一定要轻缓，让关节有充分的适应过程，锻炼前一定要做好充分的热身，关节达到最佳状态以后再开始锻炼。
注重关节保暖 护膝安排上
值得一提的是，大家在冬季锻炼的同时，务必要做好关节部分的保暖，防止出现不必要的损伤。
因其使用广泛且受季节影响大，膝关节的保暖尤为重要。冬季，在韧带和肌肉弹性下降的同时，对关节本身的保护力也会明显减弱。关节本身的稳定性下降，软骨、半月板这些缓冲功能的部分容易出现比平时更多的磨损。
所以，建议大家在平时佩戴护膝，既能一定程度上保暖，增强局部循环，又能对关节起到缓冲保护的作用，减慢退变进程，避免损伤。
再次强调，如果有关节病变，症状剧烈或反复出现，或者通过影像学检查确诊关节疾病的患者，还请及时就诊。
锻炼膝关节 试试这两招儿
锻炼关节相关肌肉的耐力和稳定性对保护关节有很大作用，除了大家都知道的靠墙深蹲以外，下面再教大家两招锻炼膝关节的方法。
方法一 找一面墙，身体侧面对着墙面，坐姿，面部方向和墙面平行。用靠近墙的腿，膝盖外侧和墙之间夹住一块5-10cm厚度的轻软物品，如毛巾叠、泡沫块等。保持物品不掉落的情况下膝关节缓慢屈伸，小腿活动范围大约90°。从垂直于地面到伸平，再缓慢放回，10次一组，一侧做完后调整椅子位置换另一侧，根据自己情况做2-4组，每天一次，提高关节稳定性，纠正力线。
方法二 找一个单杠或者双杠，或者足够稳固能支撑自己下半身悬空的地方。支撑起下半身，悬空过程中两腿交替轻微抬起，然后像踩踏路上积水一样向下轻轻蹬踏，两腿快速交替。动作要轻快轻巧，两侧各蹬踏15次为一组，休息两三分钟后可以做下一组。大家可以根据自身情况一共进行2-4组，每天一次，这个动作对上身支撑能力有要求，所以请广大患者朋友量力而行。
除此之外，按摩也是一个好方法。大家可以尝试按揉髌骨周边的几个凹陷处，以按之轻微酸胀感为宜，每个位置30下为一组，还有腘窝里的委中穴，按揉20下为一组，每天早晚各两组即可，也可用热敷取代。文/许凌飞(北京世纪坛医院）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
